Changing the lubricant in a vehicle, specifically the engine oil, involves a series of steps including draining the old oil, replacing the filter, and adding new oil.
Understanding Lubricant Changes (Engine Oil)
Regularly changing your vehicle's engine oil is one of the most critical maintenance tasks you can perform. This lubricant reduces friction between moving parts, dissipates heat, and cleans the engine. Over time, oil breaks down and gets contaminated, losing its effectiveness. The following steps outline the process for changing engine oil.
Step-by-Step Guide to Changing Lubricant (Engine Oil)
Based on common practice, changing your vehicle's engine oil typically follows these key steps:
Step 1: Gather Your Supplies
Before starting, ensure you have all necessary items ready. This usually includes:
- New engine oil (correct type and amount for your vehicle)
- New oil filter
- Wrench (for drain plug and oil filter)
- Oil drain pan
- Funnel
- Rags or paper towels
- Protective gloves
- Car jack and jack stands (if needed to access drain plug/filter)
- Container for old oil disposal
Step 2: Prepare Your Workspace
Choose a level, flat surface to park your vehicle. Engage the parking brake. Allow the engine to cool down slightly, but warm oil drains better than cold oil. Ensure you have enough space to work safely around and under the vehicle.
Step 3: Lift Your Car
If necessary for access, use a jack to lift the front of your vehicle. Crucially, always support the vehicle securely on jack stands before getting underneath. Never rely solely on the jack.
Step 4: Drain the Old Oil
Locate the oil drain plug, usually found on the bottom of the oil pan under the engine. Place the oil drain pan directly beneath the plug. Carefully loosen and remove the plug with the appropriate wrench. The old oil will stream out into the pan. Allow it to drain completely. Once drained, clean the drain plug and surrounding area, then reinstall the drain plug securely (be careful not to overtighten).
Step 5: Change the Oil Filter
Locate the oil filter. It may require a specific filter wrench to remove. Position the drain pan underneath as oil may drip when the filter is removed. Unscrew the old filter and discard it properly. Before installing the new filter, apply a thin layer of new oil to the rubber gasket on the new filter. Screw the new filter on by hand until it is snug, then give it an additional quarter to half turn (follow instructions on the filter or in your vehicle manual).
Step 6: Add Fresh Oil
Remove the engine oil fill cap, usually located on top of the engine and marked with an oil can symbol. Insert the funnel into the fill hole. Slowly pour the recommended type and amount of new engine oil into the engine. Refer to your vehicle's owner's manual for the correct oil type (viscosity and specifications) and capacity. Replace the fill cap.
Step 7: Check the Oil Level
Start the engine and let it run for a minute or two to allow the new oil to circulate. Then, shut off the engine and wait a few minutes for the oil to settle back into the oil pan. Pull out the dipstick, wipe it clean, reinsert it fully, and pull it out again. Check the oil level against the markings on the dipstick. Add a small amount of oil if the level is below the full mark, then recheck. Do not overfill.
Step 8: Dispose of the Old Oil
Properly dispose of the old oil and filter. Used engine oil is a hazardous waste and should never be poured down drains or into the ground. Transfer the old oil from the drain pan into a sealed container. Many auto parts stores, service stations, or local recycling centers accept used oil and filters for recycling.
Performing this maintenance helps ensure your engine runs smoothly and lasts longer.
