A common cold is caused by a viral infection. More than 200 different viruses can trigger a cold, but rhinoviruses are the most frequent culprits, accounting for up to 50% of cases. These viruses cause inflammation in the membranes lining the nose and throat.
Understanding the Common Cold Virus
The common cold is highly contagious and spreads easily from person to person. Several viruses can cause this illness, including, but not limited to rhinoviruses. The symptoms typically manifest 1-3 days after exposure to the virus.
Types of Viruses Causing Colds:
- Rhinoviruses: The most common cause. There are over 100 different types of rhinoviruses.
- Other Respiratory Viruses: A wide array of other viruses can also cause colds.
Symptoms of the Common Cold
The common cold's symptoms vary but often include:
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sneezing
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Headache
- Muscle aches
Transmission of the Common Cold
The common cold spreads through:
- Respiratory droplets: Inhaled when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- Direct contact: Touching surfaces contaminated with the virus, then touching your nose or mouth.
Note: This information is based on the provided references and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. The references included information from various sources such as Johns Hopkins Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, Penn Medicine, CDC, and Nemours KidsHealth.
