Intestinal viruses, more accurately known as viral gastroenteritis, are primarily caused by consuming contaminated food or water. You can also contract them by sharing utensils, towels, or food with someone who's infected.
How Viral Gastroenteritis Spreads
Viral gastroenteritis, often mistakenly called "stomach flu" (it's not related to influenza), is highly contagious. The primary modes of transmission include:
- Contaminated Food or Water: This is the most common way to get the virus. Viruses can contaminate food or water at any point during production, processing, or preparation.
- Person-to-Person Contact: Close contact with someone who is infected increases your risk. This can happen through touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your mouth, or through direct contact with bodily fluids.
- Shared Utensils or Items: Sharing utensils, towels, or other personal items with someone who has the virus can easily spread the infection.
Common Viruses Responsible
Several viruses can cause gastroenteritis. The most common include:
- Norovirus: The leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Norovirus outbreaks are common in crowded environments like schools, nursing homes, and cruise ships.
- Rotavirus: A common cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Vaccination against rotavirus is available and has significantly reduced the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis.
Prevention Strategies
Preventing the spread of intestinal viruses involves practicing good hygiene:
- Wash Your Hands Frequently: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water, especially after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food.
- Avoid Sharing: Don't share utensils, towels, or other personal items.
- Cook Food Thoroughly: Ensure food is cooked to the proper temperature to kill any viruses or bacteria.
- Drink Safe Water: Drink bottled water or boiled water if you are unsure of the water quality.
- Vaccination: Rotavirus vaccine is highly effective in preventing rotavirus infection in infants.
In conclusion, intestinal viruses are mainly contracted by consuming contaminated substances or through close contact with infected individuals, highlighting the importance of good hygiene practices in preventing their spread.
