There are several ways to restart a Virtual Machine (VM), depending on the desired outcome and the tools available. Here's a breakdown of the common methods:
1. Using the Restart-Computer
Cmdlet (PowerShell)
If you're working within the VM's operating system and have PowerShell access, you can use the Restart-Computer
cmdlet. This is similar to restarting a physical computer.
Example:
```powershell
Restart-Computer -ComputerName FOO
```
This command restarts the computer named "FOO". You will need appropriate permissions to execute this command.
2. Using the Restart-VM
Cmdlet (PowerShell)
This method performs a hard reset of the VM. This is equivalent to pulling the power cord on a physical machine and should be used with caution, as it can potentially lead to data loss or corruption if the VM has pending write operations.
Example:
```powershell
Restart-VM -Name "MyVM"
```
This command hard resets the VM named "MyVM".
3. Graceful Shutdown and Restart (Stop-VM
followed by Start-VM
)
This is the recommended method for restarting a VM, as it allows the guest operating system to shut down cleanly. It's analogous to using the "Restart" option from within the operating system.
Steps:
-
Stop the VM: Use the
Stop-VM
cmdlet to gracefully shut down the VM's operating system.Stop-VM -Name "MyVM" -Force
The
-Force
parameter bypasses any confirmation prompts. Omit it if you prefer to be prompted for confirmation. -
Start the VM: Once the VM is stopped, use the
Start-VM
cmdlet to power it back on.Start-VM -Name "MyVM"
Comparison of Methods:
Method | Description | Pros | Cons | When to Use |
---|---|---|---|---|
Restart-Computer |
Restarts the VM from within its operating system (like restarting a physical PC). | Clean shutdown process. | Requires access to the VM's operating system. | When you need to restart the VM's OS gracefully and have access to it. |
Restart-VM |
Performs a hard reset of the VM. | Quickest option. | Can cause data loss or corruption if not used carefully. | When a VM is unresponsive and a hard reset is the only option. |
Stop-VM then Start-VM |
Gracefully shuts down the VM's OS and then restarts it. | Safest method for preventing data loss. | Takes longer than a hard reset. | When you want to restart the VM cleanly and avoid potential data corruption. |
Choose the method that best suits your needs, considering the importance of data integrity and the urgency of the restart.