The skin is responsible for producing vitamin D. When exposed to sunlight, ultraviolet radiation penetrates the epidermis and converts provitamin D3 to previtamin D3. This previtamin D3 can then be transformed into vitamin D3.
While often referred to as a vitamin, vitamin D is technically a hormone. This crucial nutrient plays a vital role in calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system function.
Factors influencing vitamin D synthesis include:
- Season: Vitamin D production is higher during summer months due to increased sunlight exposure.
- Time of day: Sunlight intensity is greatest between 10 am and 3 pm.
- Latitude: The angle of the sun varies with latitude, impacting UV radiation levels.
- Altitude: Higher altitudes mean greater UV exposure.
- Air pollution: Pollution can reduce the amount of UV radiation reaching the skin.
- Skin pigmentation: Darker skin pigmentation requires longer sun exposure for sufficient vitamin D production.
- Sunscreen use: Sunscreen blocks UV rays, potentially hindering vitamin D synthesis.
