Yes, "bum" can be considered a vulgar word, depending on context and usage. While it's commonly used as an informal term for the buttocks, its use to refer to a vagrant or beggar is generally viewed as offensive and insensitive.
Different Meanings and Contexts
The word "bum" has multiple meanings, influencing its level of vulgarity:
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Buttocks: As a synonym for buttocks or bottom, "bum" is generally considered informal but not inherently vulgar. Its acceptability depends heavily on the social setting and the speaker's relationship with their audience. Using it in a formal setting or with strangers is inappropriate.
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Vagrant/Beggar: Referring to a homeless person or beggar as a "bum" is widely considered offensive. This usage carries negative connotations of laziness and worthlessness, perpetuating harmful stereotypes. [This is supported by several sources including Quora and Vocabulary.com](https://www.quora.com/Is-using-the-term-bums-to-refer-to-homeless-people-offensive, https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/bum).
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Poor Quality: The adjective form of "bum" (e.g., "a bum deal") signifies something of poor quality or unsatisfactory. While not overtly vulgar, it's informal and best avoided in formal writing or speech.
Alternatives to "Bum"
More appropriate alternatives exist depending on the intended meaning:
- For buttocks: Bottom, buttocks, rear, behind, posterior (depending on the level of formality).
- For vagrant/beggar: Using respectful and neutral terms such as homeless person or person experiencing homelessness is crucial.
The Reddit thread (https://www.reddit.com/r/EnglishLearning/comments/151s9vg/do_you_use_the_word_bum/) highlights the potential offense, stating it's not a swear word but inappropriate for most contexts. The Guardian article (http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/07/comment.features11) touches on the subjective nature of offense, but still underscores the potential for negative perception.
