Salt is filtered from water using a process called reverse osmosis, which employs pressure-driven membrane technology.
The Reverse Osmosis Process
Reverse osmosis is the primary method for filtering salt from water. Here's a breakdown of the process:
- Saltwater is Introduced: Saltwater is directed to a specialized membrane.
- High Pressure Applied: Substantial pressure is applied to the saltwater, forcing it against the membrane.
- Membrane Filtration: The membrane has very small pores that block the passage of salt ions (both anions and cations), but allow water molecules to pass through.
- Separation: This results in the separation of the salt from the water, producing filtered water on one side and a concentrated salt solution on the other.
Key Elements of the Process
To understand the process better, consider these details:
- Reverse Osmosis Membrane: This is the key component. It's designed with extremely fine pores that effectively prevent salt ions from passing.
- Pressure: High pressure is crucial to overcome the natural osmotic pressure and force water through the membrane, leaving behind the salt.
Practical Insight
This method is widely used in desalination plants to produce fresh water from seawater, as well as in water purification systems for removing salt and other impurities.
Summary
| Process | Description |
|---|---|
| Reverse Osmosis | Uses high pressure to force saltwater through a membrane. The membrane's pores are small enough to stop salt ions while allowing water molecules to pass through, resulting in desalinated water. |
