You control a hot water heater primarily by adjusting its thermostat(s). The specific steps depend on whether you have a gas or electric water heater.
Controlling Electric Water Heaters
Here's how to adjust the temperature on most electric water heaters:
- Turn off the Power: Locate the circuit breaker for the water heater in your electrical panel and switch it to the "off" position. This is crucial for safety.
- Locate the Access Panels: Most electric water heaters have two access panels, one for the upper thermostat and one for the lower. These are usually located on the side of the tank.
- Remove the Access Panels: Use a screwdriver to remove the screws holding the access panels in place.
- Peel Back the Insulation: Carefully peel back the insulation behind the access panels to reveal the thermostats.
- Adjust the Thermostats: Each thermostat usually has a dial or a screw adjustment. Use a flathead screwdriver to adjust the temperature to your desired setting. Important: If your water heater has two thermostats, adjust both to the same temperature. A common recommended setting is 120°F (49°C). Higher settings can scald and waste energy.
- Replace the Insulation and Access Panels: Once you've adjusted the thermostats, carefully replace the insulation and screw the access panels back into place.
- Turn the Power Back On: Switch the circuit breaker back to the "on" position.
Controlling Gas Water Heaters
Gas water heaters typically have a single control valve, often located near the bottom of the tank.
- Locate the Control Valve: This is usually a dial with temperature settings.
- Adjust the Temperature: Turn the dial to your desired temperature setting. Again, 120°F (49°C) is generally recommended.
- Observe: After making the adjustment, monitor the water temperature over the next few hours to ensure it's at the desired level. You may need to make slight adjustments.
Important Considerations
- Safety First: Always turn off the power (for electric heaters) or follow the manufacturer's safety instructions before working on your water heater.
- Temperature Setting: 120°F (49°C) is a safe and energy-efficient setting. Higher temperatures increase the risk of scalding and waste energy.
- Professional Help: If you are uncomfortable working with electricity or gas, or if you are unsure about any step, consult a qualified plumber or electrician.
