Water density is the weight of water per unit volume. It's generally 1 gram per milliliter at standard temperature and pressure, but this changes with temperature or when substances are dissolved in it.
- Temperature: Water's density is highest at 3.98°C (39.16°F), which is slightly above its freezing point. As water gets warmer or colder, its density decreases. This is why ice floats!
- Salinity: Adding salt to water increases its density. Ocean water, which contains dissolved salts, is denser than freshwater.
Water density is a crucial factor in various fields, including:
- Oceanography: Density differences create ocean currents and affect marine life.
- Meteorology: Density influences weather patterns and atmospheric circulation.
- Engineering: Understanding water density is essential for designing ships, dams, and other structures.
Understanding how water density changes can be helpful in many situations:
- Boiling: As water heats up, its density decreases, causing bubbles to rise.
- Floating: Objects less dense than water float, while denser objects sink.
