A high white blood cell (WBC) count, also known as leukocytosis, generally indicates that the body is fighting an infection or inflammation. However, in less common instances, it may signal certain blood cancers or bone marrow disorders. White blood cells are produced in your bone marrow and play a critical role in defending your body against infections and disease. When their numbers are elevated, it usually means your body is responding to a threat.
Potential Causes of High WBC Count
Several factors can cause an elevated WBC count. The most common causes include:
- Infection: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can trigger an increase in WBCs.
- Inflammation: Conditions like arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease can elevate WBC counts.
- Stress: Severe physical or emotional stress can temporarily raise WBC levels.
- Allergies: Allergic reactions can sometimes cause a rise in WBCs.
- Certain Medications: Some medications can have the side effect of increasing WBC counts.
- Smoking: Tobacco use can lead to a higher WBC count.
- Blood Cancers or Bone Marrow Disorders: In rare cases, conditions like leukemia or myeloproliferative disorders may be responsible.
Understanding Leukocytosis
It is important to note that a high WBC count is not a diagnosis in itself. Instead, it is a sign that something is happening in the body that needs further investigation. A doctor will typically order additional tests to determine the underlying cause.
What to Do if You Have a High WBC Count
If a blood test reveals a high WBC count, the next steps usually involve:
- Consulting a Doctor: Discuss the results with a healthcare professional who can interpret them in the context of your medical history and symptoms.
- Further Testing: The doctor may order additional blood tests, imaging scans, or a bone marrow biopsy to identify the cause.
- Treatment: Treatment will depend on the underlying cause. For example, an infection may be treated with antibiotics, while an inflammatory condition may require anti-inflammatory medications.
Summary of High WBC
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Common Causes | Infection, inflammation |
| Less Common Causes | Blood cancers, bone marrow disorders |
| Action Required | Consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment; do not self-diagnose or self-treat |
