Drawn arc stud welding is a welding process where a stud is joined to a base metal by creating an arc that melts both the end of the stud and the corresponding area on the base metal, forming a molten pool that fuses together. This is typically achieved using a welding gun.
Here's a more detailed breakdown of the process:
- The Setup: The process begins with positioning the stud against the base metal using a specialized welding gun or tool.
- Arc Initiation: When the welding process is initiated (often by triggering a switch on the welding gun), an electric solenoid inside the gun lifts the stud a predetermined distance away from the base metal.
- Arc Formation and Melting: This separation creates an electric arc (the "drawn arc") between the stud and the base metal. The intense heat of the arc rapidly melts the end of the stud and the surface of the base metal directly beneath it, creating a molten pool.
- Plunging and Fusion: After a brief arcing period, the welding gun plunges the stud back into the molten pool.
- Solidification: The molten metal cools and solidifies, creating a strong weld joint between the stud and the base metal.
- Shielding (Optional): Some drawn arc stud welding processes utilize a ceramic ferrule around the stud to contain the molten metal and shield the weld from atmospheric contamination, resulting in a higher-quality weld.
Key Characteristics of Drawn Arc Stud Welding:
- Speed: It's a relatively fast welding process, ideal for high-volume production.
- Versatility: It can be used to weld studs to a variety of base metals, including steel, stainless steel, and aluminum.
- Single-Sided Access: Welding can be performed from one side of the base metal, making it suitable for applications where access to the back side is restricted.
- Automation: The process can be easily automated, further increasing efficiency.
Applications:
Drawn arc stud welding is commonly used in various industries, including:
- Construction: Attaching insulation, cladding, and reinforcing bars.
- Automotive: Welding fasteners and components to vehicle bodies.
- Shipbuilding: Securing pipes, cables, and other fixtures.
- Manufacturing: Attaching studs to equipment and machinery.
