After staining wood furniture, you finish it by applying a protective topcoat. While not strictly required, a finish safeguards the stained wood from scratches, wear, and fading, ensuring its longevity and appearance.
Applying a Topcoat Finish
The type of finish and application method you choose will impact the final result. Here's a breakdown of the most common methods:
Polyurethane Finish
Polyurethane is a popular choice due to its durability and resistance to water and chemicals.
- Brushing Polyurethane:
- Apply one to two coats for sufficient protection.
- Use a high-quality brush designed for polyurethane to minimize brush strokes.
- Lightly sand between coats with fine-grit sandpaper (220-grit or higher) for a smoother finish. Remember to remove all sanding dust before the next coat.
- Spraying Polyurethane:
- If using a spray can, hold it 8 to 12 inches from the surface.
- Apply two to three light coats, allowing each coat to dry completely before applying the next.
- Multiple thin coats are better than one thick coat, which can lead to drips and runs.
Other Common Finishes
Besides polyurethane, other options exist, each with its own characteristics:
- Varnish: Offers good durability and is available in various sheens. Application is similar to brushing polyurethane.
- Lacquer: Dries quickly and provides a smooth, professional finish. Best applied with a sprayer, but can be brushed with practice.
- Wax: Provides a soft, natural look and feel. It's easy to apply but offers less protection than polyurethane or varnish. It typically requires reapplication over time.
- Oil Finishes (like Tung Oil or Linseed Oil): Penetrate the wood and provide a subtle sheen. They require multiple applications and may not offer as much surface protection.
General Tips for Applying Finishes
- Surface Preparation: Ensure the stained surface is clean, dry, and free of dust or debris.
- Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area, especially when using solvent-based finishes.
- Drying Time: Allow each coat of finish to dry completely according to the manufacturer's instructions before applying the next coat or using the furniture.
- Sanding: Lightly sand between coats for a smoother final product, except for wax or oil finishes.
By selecting the appropriate topcoat and applying it correctly, you can protect and enhance the beauty of your stained wood furniture for years to come.
