Applying lacquer to wood with a brush involves selecting the right tools, preparing the surface correctly, and using proper brushing techniques.
Brushing lacquer onto wood can achieve a smooth, durable finish. Success depends on choosing the appropriate lacquer, using a quality brush, and applying the finish in thin, even coats.
Key Materials for Lacquering
Having the right materials is crucial for a good brushed lacquer finish.
The Right Brush
Selecting a suitable brush is paramount. According to the reference, you shouldn't "skimp on buying a good brush." Look for one with really nice soft bristles that holds a lot of lacquer. A high-quality natural bristle brush is often recommended for solvent-based lacquers as it holds the finish well and allows for smooth application.
Lacquer & Thinner
Lacquer needs to be the correct consistency for brushing. As indicated in the reference, you should use thinned out lacquer. Lacquer thinner is used to reduce the viscosity of the lacquer, allowing it to flow better, minimize brush marks, and dry more smoothly. The appropriate thinning ratio can vary depending on the specific lacquer product and ambient conditions, but often ranges from 10% to 30% thinner by volume.
Other Supplies
- Sandpaper (various grits, e.g., 220, 320, 400)
- Tack cloth or lint-free rags
- Stir stick
- Container for thinned lacquer
- Protective gear (gloves, respirator, safety glasses)
- Drop cloths
Preparing the Wood
Proper surface preparation is key to any finishing project.
Sanding
Ensure the wood surface is smooth. Start with coarser grits if necessary and progress to finer grits. For the final sanding before applying the first coat, 220-grit sandpaper is usually sufficient. For subsequent coats, you may sand lightly with 320 or 400-grit paper to ensure adhesion and smoothness.
Cleaning
After sanding, thoroughly remove all dust. Use a vacuum or brush, followed by a tack cloth or a rag slightly dampened with mineral spirits or naphtha (check compatibility with your finish). Ensure the surface is completely clean and dry before proceeding.
Applying the Lacquer
This is where technique comes into play.
Thinning the Lacquer
Mix the lacquer with the recommended amount of lacquer thinner in a separate container. Stir thoroughly, but avoid shaking, which can introduce bubbles. Remember, using thinned out lacquer is essential for brush application as it helps the lacquer level out smoothly.
Loading the Brush
Dip about one-third to one-half of the brush bristles into the thinned lacquer. Tap the brush lightly against the inside of the container to remove excess; avoid wiping the brush on the rim, which can load only one side and drip.
Brushing Technique
- Apply the lacquer with long, smooth strokes following the wood grain.
- Work in small sections.
- Apply enough lacquer to cover the area evenly but avoid applying it too thickly.
- After applying the lacquer to a small section, go back over it with light, overlapping strokes (called "laying off") to smooth out brush marks. Use minimal pressure during the "laying off" pass.
- Avoid overworking the lacquer, as it dries quickly. Once an area is laid off, move to the next section.
Dealing with Drips/Runs
Lacquer dries fast, making drips and runs tricky. If you catch a run immediately, you might be able to brush it out gently. If it starts to set up, it's usually better to let it dry completely and sand it smooth before applying the next coat.
Drying and Subsequent Coats
Lacquer dries relatively quickly, often to the touch within 30 minutes, but check the product instructions for specific recoat times.
Drying Time
Allow sufficient drying time between coats as specified by the product manufacturer. Applying the next coat too soon can cause issues like trapped solvents or wrinkling.
Light Sanding Between Coats
Between coats, lightly sand the surface with fine-grit sandpaper (320 or 400) to smooth down any slight imperfections or trapped dust nibs and to provide tooth for the next layer. Clean off all sanding dust before applying the next coat.
Applying Additional Coats
Repeat the application process, applying thin, even coats until you achieve the desired depth and smoothness of finish. Multiple thin coats are better than one thick coat.
Tips for Success
- Use a good brush with soft bristles that holds a lot of lacquer.
- Always use thinned out lacquer for brushing.
- Work in a well-ventilated area due to the strong solvents in lacquer.
- Apply thin, even coats rather than one thick one.
- Allow adequate drying time between coats.
- Clean your brush thoroughly with lacquer thinner immediately after use.
By following these steps and using a good brush with soft bristles that holds a lot of lacquer, along with properly thinned out lacquer, you can achieve a beautiful, smooth finish on your wood projects.
