VVC in medical terms stands for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, commonly known as a vaginal yeast infection.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a fungal infection of the vagina and vulva, the area around the opening of the vagina. It's caused by an overgrowth of a fungus called Candida, most often Candida albicans. While Candida is normally present in the vagina in small numbers, certain conditions can disrupt the balance and lead to an infection.
Here's a breakdown:
- Vulva: The external female genitalia, including the labia, clitoris, and vaginal opening.
- Vagina: The muscular canal leading from the vulva to the uterus.
- Candidiasis: An infection caused by Candida fungus.
Causes of VVC:
Several factors can increase the risk of developing VVC, including:
- Antibiotics: Antibiotics can kill beneficial bacteria in the vagina, allowing Candida to overgrow.
- Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, birth control pills, and hormone therapy can alter hormone levels, increasing the risk.
- Weakened immune system: Conditions like diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or certain medications can weaken the immune system, making it harder to fight off infection.
- Uncontrolled diabetes: High blood sugar levels can create a favorable environment for Candida growth.
- Douching: Douching can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, increasing the risk of infection.
- Tight-fitting clothing: Restrictive clothing can create a warm, moist environment that encourages Candida growth.
Symptoms of VVC:
Common symptoms of VVC include:
- Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva
- Burning, especially during urination or sexual intercourse
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
- Vaginal pain and soreness
- Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge
Treatment of VVC:
VVC can typically be treated with antifungal medications, which are available in various forms:
- Topical creams and ointments: Applied directly to the vagina and vulva.
- Oral medications: Taken by mouth.
- Vaginal suppositories: Inserted into the vagina.
It is important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment, especially if symptoms are severe, recurrent, or if you have never had a yeast infection before. They can rule out other possible causes of your symptoms and recommend the most appropriate treatment.
